伶官传序

　　[教学目的]

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp理解课文“忧劳可以兴国，逸豫可以亡身”这一历史盛衰规律。

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp学习一般史论提出论点，运用史实步步深入进行论证的写作方法。

　　[教学重点]

　　翻译全文，理清结构，背诵第三段。

　　[教学方法]

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp诵读法、串讲法、多媒体课件。

　　[教学课时]

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp两课时。

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp第一课时

　　教学要点：解题；翻译全文，理清结构。&nbsp

　　教学过程 

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp一、复习旧课

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp没－－通“殁”&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp却匈奴┓却：使……退却，

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp连却之┛&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp打退。

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp二、讲读新课

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp1、&nbsp解题（见注）

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp2、背景

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp五代时后唐庄宗称帝之后，迷恋伶人，“常与俳优杂戏于庭，伶

　　人由此用事”，朝政日非。后当他处于众叛亲离时，就是由于伶人郭

　　从谦（任指挥史）率领部下作乱，被乱箭射死的。因此欧阳修在本文

　　中发挥感慨，痛下针砭，借事论理，指出封建王朝的兴亡不在于“天

　　命”，主要在于“人事”。

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp3、译析课文

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp┏恪遵父命，终于报仇┓祸患常积于忽微&nbsp

　　盛衰之理，在于人事┃&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp┃&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp┗自胜而败，由盛而衰┛智勇多困于所溺&nbsp

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp4、朗读课文

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp生读━━教者示范━━生齐读

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp5、口试

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp翻译词句。&nbsp&nbsp

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp第二课时

　　教学要点：理解内容与写法，完成习题。

　　教学过程 &nbsp

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp一、读课文

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp二、补充多义词

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp盛、困、微（见书）

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp三、回答问题

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp1、第一题：作者用什么方法安排材料（强盛的材料）的？

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp以“矢”为线索。

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp赐━━受━━藏━━请━━盛━━负━━纳━━还

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp2、文章怎样前后呼应的？

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp（见板书结构）

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp3、体现写作目的的是哪一句？

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp“岂独伶人也哉！”

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp4、作者作序，为何很少提到有关伶官的事？

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbspA、传内已写；B、重在警告。

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp5、结论有何现实意义？（讨论）

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp6、归纳写作特点

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbspA、材料安排好；

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbspB、论证方法好（对比；例证）

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbspC、语言运用好（长短交错；感叹、反问加强语势）

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp四、完成课后练习题。

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp五、解释下列各句中的“其”字

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp尔其无忘乃父之志（一定）

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp其后用兵&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp（此）

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp方其系燕父子以组（他）

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp六、创造思维训练

　　&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp联系自身，谈谈学习本文的收获。

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