（重点记忆一些方位介词、时间介词、方式介词及一些介词短语） 介词是一种虚词，它不能单独担任句子成分，必须与名词或代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句构成介词短语，才能担任句子成分。 一、 介词的种类和介词短语的用法 1． 介词的种类
介词由词形上可分为简单介词和短语介词。
简单介词知识一个单词，如：in，on，after等。
短语介词是由两个以上单词集合而成，如：out of，in front of，because of，instead of等。 2．介词短语的用法 ① 作定语
介词短语作定语时，一律后置。
The book on the desk in mine.桌子上的书是我的。
He bought a house of five rooms.他买了一所有五个房间的房子。 A gentleman in white came into the hall.一个身穿白衣的绅士走进了大厅。 ② 作状语
介词短语作状语时，修饰动词、形容词、副词或者整个句子。 Classes begin at eight.（修饰动词）八点钟开始上课。 Jane looks young for her age.（修饰形容词）珍妮看起来比她的实际年龄年轻。 The school is not far from my house.（修饰形容词）学校离我家不远。
To my surprise, Li Ming passed the exam at all.（修饰全句）使我吃惊的是，李明居然考试及格了。 ③ 作表语
He is in danger.他处于危险之中。
We are against/for you.我们反对/支持你。
It was because of the heavy rain, we couldn’t go out.因为这场大雨，我们出不去了。 ④ 作宾语补足语
Make yourself at home.放松一些，就和在你自己家一样。 We made him out of danger.我们使他脱离了危险。
二．表示时间的介词
表示年、月、日、时刻等用at，in，on 表示时间的前后用in，before，after 表示期限等用by，until，till
表示期间等用for，during，through 表示时间的起点等用from，since 表示时间的经过等用in，within
1．at、in、on用在时间上的区别： A. at + 钟点/时间点/时间某一时刻
(at 9:00, at lunch, at breakfast, at noon, at night, at that time, at the moment)
B. in + 某年/某月/某年某月/某个季节/某个世纪/泛指的早上/下午/晚上 in the morning in the afternoon in the evening
in the 21st century in September ; in May in1995
in the holiday in summer
C. on + 日期/星期/具体的某一天/ 具体的某一天的上午、下午、晚上 on Monday
on Tuesday morning on May 4th
on a cold night on a sunny morning
on the night of July（the）first在七月一日的夜晚
注意：表示时间的名词前有this，last，next，every等修饰时，其前面不加介词。this morning今天早上；last Monday上周一；every week每周
巩固练习：选择用at、in、on填空： 1．_______ 10:40 3．________ June 3, 2014 5．________May, 2012 7．________ Friday
2．________ 2005
4．_________ the afternoon 8．_______ the 21st century 6．________ winter
9．_______ a hot summer night 10. _________Saturday morning
2．in、after、before用在时间上的区别： A. in 在……后
in与将来时态连用时，表示“过多长时间以后”的意思，后面跟表示一段时间的词语。
He will be back in two months. B. after在……后
After与过去时态连用时，后面才能跟表示一段时间的词语。 After与将来时态连用时，后面只能跟表示时间点的词语。
He will arrive after four o’clock. He returned after a month.
She went to Nanjing last May
and she came back after a month. C. before 在……前
Wash your hands before dinner.
巩固练习：选择用in、after填空：
1．Her father came back from France ________ two years.
，
2．My parents went to Shanghai yesterday and they will return to Guangzhou ________ three days.
3. by，until/till 区别 A. by 在…前（时间）；截止（到）….
How many English books had you read by the end of last year 到去年年底以前你看过多少本英文书
She had left by the time I arrived.我到时（之前）她已经走了。 例：by the end of在„„底（之前） by then 到那时 by the time+从句 在„„之前
B. until/till直到…为止（时间）
He didn't go to sleep until/till 12 last night.
We didn’t begin to watch TV until/till nine o’clock.
，during，through 区别
A. for 达…之久（表示经过了多少时间）
可以和一般现在时、过去时、将来时连用，但经常和完成时连用。
He has lived here for 20 years.他在这儿已经住了二十年了。 We will stay in the city for two days.我们要在这座城市呆两天。
B. during在…期间 (后决不能跟表数字的名词)
they are going to have a good rest during the summer holidays.暑假中他们打算好好休息一下。 C. through一直…（从开始到结束）
They played the cards through the night.他们打了一整夜的牌。 He stayed in London through the winter.他整个冬天都待在伦敦。
5. from，since区别
A. from从…起（时间） 表示“从…开始”时，一般都是用词组from„to„， The meeting will be held from eight to ten.这个会议将从8点开到10点。
B. since自从…以来（表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续）用于现在完成时 后跟时间点
I have been sick since yesterday. Tom has played the piano since January.
6. in，within
A. in过…后（未来时间） 大多用在将来时（一般将来时和过去将来时）。 in an hour一小时之后
in a week or so大约一星期之后
he will be back in five hours.他五小时之后回来。
They said they would arrive here in a week.他们说他们一周后到达。
B. within不超过…的范围 强调“在„„时间之内”，没有时态的 within 3 hours 3小时之内；within a week一周之内
I must finish painting the cat within five minutes.
三．表示方位介词
表示场所的介词：at，in，on，under，over，below, near，between，around 表示方向的介词：into，out of，along，across，through，up，past
1. at, in, on at一般指小地方
at school；at home；stand at the door；at a factory；at the bus stop；at the station in一般指大地方或某个范围之内
in Beijing；in the world；in China；in the street；in bed；in the yard
on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。
on the desk；on the map；on the screen；on the river；on the farm；on the floor 巩固练习
He arrived_______ Shanghai yesterday.
They arrived at a _______village before dark. There is a big hole_______the wall.
The teacher put up a picture _______ the wall.
2．on、above、over、below、under这些方位介词的区别： on 在……上面（与表面接触）
There are two maps on the wall.
above在……上面，表示在表面不接触的上方，不一定是正上方。 Our plane flew above the clouds.
over 在……上面，表示表面不接触的上方，指垂直在上的正上方。
There is a light over Li Ming.
below在……下面，指位置低于某物或在某物的下方，但不一定在某物的正下方，其反义词是above。
There are a lot of fishes below the surface of the water.
under指在某物的正下方，有垂直在下的意思，其反义词是over。 The dog is under the table.
巩固练习：选择用on、above、over、below、under填空：
1．They will build a new bridge ________ the river near our school. 2．Be careful! A snake is lying ________ the ground!
3．Villages, rivers, lakes are becoming smaller and smaller ________ the plane.
4．After he got up, he didn’t find his shoes ________ the bed. 5．Today is a nice day. You can see blue sky and white clouds ________ our heads.
3. along, cross, across, through, over, past, pass 的用法区别： along 介词。意思是“沿着”I was walking along the river when it began to rain. cross 动词。意为“越过、渡过、横穿、横渡” (road, street, grass, river, bridge, dessert)
across 介词。表示从一边到另一边，在事物的表面“横过”、“越过” (road, street, grass, river, bridge, dessert) through 介词。表示从内部空间“穿过”、“通过” (city, park, forest, window, door)
over 介词。意思是“越过”。从物体的一边到另一边 The dog jumps over the fence.
We climb over the mountain at last. pass 动词 “经过” （门外经过） I pass the park
past 介词“经过”（门外经过）
Every day he runs past the city hall. I walk past the park.
巩固练习：选择cross、across 或through填空：
1．The girl helped the old man walk ___________ the road.
2．The children walked _________ the door one by one into the cinema. 3．The car ran __________ the bridge and turned right into a park. 4．A beautiful river runs __________ our home town. 5．He could swim __________ the river when he was young.
6．When the sunshine went ____________ the window into his bedroom, he finished writing his book in the end.
7．Don’t _________ the busy street when the traffic light is red. 8．She asked her little son not to __________ the river because it was
raining hard.
9. The dog ran __________the grass.
10. The boy swam__________ the river. 11. They walked __________ the forest. 12. I pushed__________ the crowds.
4. in front of, in the front of区别
in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某个范围以外；in the front of 表示“在……的前部”，在某个范围以内。
There are some tall trees in front of the building. The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom. 巩固练习
1. Peter is _____________me.
2. There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom. 3. There is a lake in front of our classroom.
4. The teacher's desk is in the front of the classroom .
5．between , among, around的区别： A. between在两者之间
What’s the difference between A and B
My teacher is sitting between Tom and Mike.
B. among后接人或物必须是三个或三个以上，在 一群、一组或一个整体中间。 There is a beautiful house among the trees. He is very popular among the students. C. around环绕，在…周围，在…四周 We sat around the table.
巩固练习：选择between, among, around填空：
1．Miss Li always stands ___________ the students and teaches them how to learn English. 2．We watched a football match __________ Japan and China yesterday. 3．She is a girl with few words ___________ her classmates.
4．I saw him standing ___________ the people and sang songs for them. 5．The man has to fly __________ Guangzhou and Shanghai. 6．There is a low wall __________ the two rooms. 7. The earth moves___________ the sun. 8. There are many trees ___________the house.
四、其他介词
1．表示手段和材料的介词with，in，by
A．in + 语言/墨水/颜色/声调用in时，后面加物质名词，不能加冠词。 She wrote a letter in black ink. Don’t write it in pencil but in ink. Can you speak in English
B. with + 工具 用……（工具）用“with”时，后面的名词要加上冠词或代词。
Li Li cut her hand with a knife. He wrote the letter with his new pen
C．by + 方式 用……方式 交通工具 by car by bus ★一些固定的用法，如： in a way 在某种程度上
in a + adj. + way 以……方式 in this / that way 用这种/那种方式 in the way 挡路
by the way 顺便问问
巩固练习：选择介词in、by、with填空：
1．Don’t talk to the old man __________ this way. 2．He likes drawing pictures__________ a pencil.
3．__________ the way, could you tell me how I can get to the zoo 4．We can improve our English _________ listening to some English radio programmes.
5．He told her she could work out the problem __________ a clever way 6．She was asked to sing a song __________ English.
2．except/ except for/ besides的区别
A. except “除了……之外”（同一类别比较，但排除在外，后跟短语、从句）
B. except for “除了……之外”（不同类别比较，排除在外）
C. besides “除了……之外还有”（包括在内，起强调作用, 用法近似as well as）
巩固练习：用介词except/ except for/ besides填空：
1．I want to buy some food, some drinks ________ some small presents for the coming Children’s Day.
2．Everyone is here ________ a boy called Jim.
3．All of our students ________ Peter can work out this problem though Peter is weak in math.
4．There is nothing in the box ________ a letter.
5．His article is very good ________ a few spelling mistakes.
五、介词短语
介词和动词、形容词或名词相结合后，形成复合词，有特定的意思。如下： 1. 动词+介词
look up查看，查（字典）；look at注视；look for寻找play with sth.玩某物（玩耍）； think of想起，想到；hear from sb.收到某人的信； talk about sth.谈论某事；talk to/with sb.和某人谈论；listen to倾听call on sb.拜访某人； arrive at/in 到达；
take care of照顾；wait for等待；agree with 同意(某人) arrive at(in) 到达； ask for 询问 ；begin…with 从……开始；believe in 相信 ；break into 闯入； break off 打断；break out 爆发； break up关系破裂；bring down 降低； bring in 引进； bring up 教育，培养 build up 建立；call back 回电话； call for 要求约请； call in 召来； call on 拜访 访问； care for 喜欢； carry on 继续开展 ；carry out 实行开展； check out 查明 结帐；clear up 整理，收拾； come about 发生，产生 come across (偶然)遇见；come out 出来 ；come to 共计 达到；compare…with 与……比较； compare to 比作；cut off 切断 ；depend on 依靠； dream of 梦想； fall off 下降 ；fall over 跌倒 ； get through 通过 ； give in 让步，屈服；give out 分发； give up 放弃 ；go abroad 出国 ；go through 浏览 grow up 生长； hear about 听说 ； lead to 导致 live on 靠……为生；look down upon 看不起； look forward to 盼望 ；look out 当心； look(a) round 仔细查看；set up 建立； show off 炫耀 ； shut up 住口 ；speed up 加速； stick to 坚持 ； think of 考虑，想起； try out 试验 ；turn down 调低； turn off 关掉 ；worry about 担心 2. Be动词+形容词+介词
be kind to对（某人）亲切；be good at在„„做得好；擅长于； be late for迟到；be afraid of害怕；be sorry for sth.为„„抱歉； be absent from缺席；be proud of以 …为自豪； be found of 喜欢； be full of 充满 be interested in 对…有兴趣 ； be confident in 对…有信心 ； be short of 缺乏 ；be tired of 厌恶；be proud of 对…感到骄傲 be worried about 为…担心 be aware of 意识到；be busy with 忙于(某事) ； be different from 和…不同 be famous for 因…而出名
3.介词+名词
1)英语中有大量成语由介词构成，单是一些常用介词就可构成大量成语： at:
at a stretch 一连，连续地； at a time 一次，每次； at ease 稍
息，安心 ； at first 最初，开始时 ； at heart 在内心 ；at home 在家，随便 ；at last 最后
at least 至少；at length 最后,详细地 ；at most 至多 ； at once 立即，同时
at peace(war) 处于和平(战争)状态 ； at play(work) 在玩耍(工作) at present 现在，目前 ； at the risk of 冒…的风险 ；at the same time (与此)同时 at the start 一开头； at the time 此刻，这时 ；by accident 偶然 ； by air 航空 ；by all means 想一切办法；by bus (plane, etc) 坐巴士(飞机等) by chance 偶然 ； by cheque 用支票 ；by mistake 错误地，误把… by surprise 突然，出其不意 ； by the way 顺便说一in a sense 从某种意义上说 ； in advance 事前 ； in all 总共 in case 要是，如果； in danger 处于危险中 in debt 负债 ； in demand 有需求 in detail 详细地 ； in fact 实际上 ；in general 一般说来 ；in one’s opinion 在(某人)看来 in part(s) 部分地 ； in person 亲自 ； in public(private) 公开(私下)地 in regard to 关于 ；in the end 最后 ； in the middle of 在…中间； in time 及时地，经过一段时
on fire 着火 ；on foot 步行 ； on holiday 在休假； on purpose 故意地 ；on sale 在出售 ； on the contrary 相反； on the way 在路上 ； on time 准时 on the top of 在…上面； out of danger 脱离危险； out of doors 在户外； out of fashion 不时新 out of reach 无法得到(拿到) ； out of work 失业
练习题
( ) 1．---When did your uncle arrive _______ China
---He got to Guangzhou _______ the morning of the 16th of April. A．at; in
B．in; in
C．to; on
D．in; on
( ) 2．It is believed that _______ December 21st, 11, the first basketball game in history was played. A．on
B．in
C．at
D．by
( ) 3．You can improve your English _______ practising more. A．by
B．with
C．of
D．in
( ) 4．This is a difficult problem, but _______ the same time it is very
interesting. A．in
B．at
C．on
D．for
( ) 5．I couldn’t do it _______ your great help. Thanks a lot! A．with B．without 巩固练习：
( ) 1．--- When did you arrive ______Guangzhou
--- I got here ______ the rainy night of the 10th of March. A．at; in B．in; in C．to; on
D．in; on
C．for D．to
( ) 2．He often gets up late and goes to school ______breakfast. It’s bad for his health. A．with
B．without C．have
D．haven’t
( ) 3．After he went ______the forest, he got _______ a beautiful village. A．past; to
B．across; to C．through; to
D．cross; at
( ) 4．--- How soon will your mother come back --- She said she would return ______ two hours. A．after
B．in
C．during
D．for
( ) 5．--- Listen! Someone is knocking ______ the door. Who is it --- Maybe it’s my friend Mary. A．at
B．in
C．by
D．for
( ) 6．--- Did the children have a good time _______the summer holidays --- Of course! And they returned ______ the end of last month. A．on; on
B．at; at
C．during; by
D．during; at
( ) 7．--- Tomorrow there will be a football match _____ our school and Middle School.
--- Yes, we are all very excited because it is the last match _____ the twenty school teams. A．between; among C．both; between
B．among; between D．among; of
( ) 8．_____ the age of 20, his father bought a new car ______ him. A．At; to B．At; for C．By; to (
D．In; for
)
9. Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays.
A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on ( ) is nothing ______ tomorrow afternoon, is there -No. We can have a game of table tennis. A. on B. in C. out D. up
( )11. A lot of students in our school were born ____ March, 1981.
A. in B. at C. on D. since
( )12. He suddenly returned____ a rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. during
( )13. My grandfather was born ____ Oct. 10, 1935. A. on B. in C. at D. of
( )14. The train is starting ___ five minutes. A. in
B. at C. for D. still
( )15. Mike does his exercises ____ seven _____ the evening.
A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on ( )16. The population of the world has grown very fast ____ four hundred years.
A. for past the B. in the pass C. in the past D. for past
( )17. We returned to our hometown___.
A. next week B. in the last week C. last week D. for a week
( )18. Great changes have taken place___.
A. in the last few year B. in the last few years C. last year D. on the last year
( )19. Children wake up very early ____ the morning of Christmas Day.
A. in B. on C. for D. at
( )20. ____ a cold winter morning, I met her in the street.
A. In B. On C. At D. For 13.
( ) happened to be very cold____ the morning of our sports meet.
A. at B. on C. with D. of
( )22. Why did you get up so early ___ this morning. A. on B. / C. at D. in
介词专题练习
( )1. Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays.
A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on ( ) is nothing tomorrow afternoon, is there -No. We can have a game of table tennis. A. on B. in C. out D. up
( )3. A lot of students in our school were born ____ March, 1981.
A. in B. at C. on D. since
( )4. He suddenly returned____ a rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. during
( )5. My grandfather was born ____ Oct. 10, 1935. A. on B. in C. at D. of
( )6. The train is starting ___ five minutes. A. in B. at C. for D. still
( )7. Mike does his exercises ____ seven _____ the evening. A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on
( )8. The population of the world has grown very fast ____ four hundred years.
A. for past the B. in the pass C. in the past D. for past
( )9. We returned to our hometown___.
A. next week B. in the last week C. last week D. for a week
( )10. Great changes have taken place___.
A. in the last few year B. in the last few years C. last year D. on the last year
( )11. Children wake up very early ____ the morning of Christmas Day.
A. in B. on C. for D. at
( )12. ____ a cold winter morning, I met her in the street.
A. In B. On C. At D. For
( )13. It happened to be very cold____ the morning of our sports meet.
A. at B. on C. with D. of
( )14. Why did you get up so early ___ this morning. A. on B. / C. at D. in
( )15. He went to Shanghai___ September 3, 1991 and came back___ a cold morning last year.
( )A. in; on B. on; in C. on; on D. in; in
( )16. Lucy was born____ the night of May 12, 1984. A. on B. in C. at D. to
( )17. Mrs Brown came to China ____ 1996. A. on B. of C. to D. in
( )18. ___ the morning of November 20, 1915, the workers came to Chicago to show themourning ___ Joe Hill. A. On; to B. In; of . C. On; for D. At; for
( )19. Ann moved ___ Hangzhou ___ September, 1992.
A. /; in B. to; in C. to; on D, in; in ( )20. They started off ___ an autumn afternoon. A. during B. at C. in D. on
( )21. He often goes ____ school ____ six thirty ____ the morning.
A. for; to; in B. to; at in C. to; for; at D, for; at; to
( )22. He arrived ___ Shanghai ___ 9: 30 ___ March 5.
A. at; in; at B. to; on; at C. in; on; at D. in; at; on
( )23. The English teacher told me to get there____ half past ten.
A: in B. at C. on D. of
( )24. The children get up ___ 6 o'clock. A. at B. on C. during D. in
( )25. The doctor worked___ five hours___ a rest. A. for; with B. on; without C. about; having D. for; without
( )26. I worked on the problem ____ a long time and I worked it out____ myself____ last.
A. for; by; at B. in; with; on C. on; by; in D. for; for; at the
( )27. A new factory will be set up___ a year. A. for B. in C. after D. on
( )28. Two years___ he began to write another story-book.
A. after B. later C. in D. late
( )29. We will finish the picture a day. A. in B. on C. after D. on
( )30. The workers had been____ strike ____ almost a month.
A. on; in B. at; in C. on; for D. on; during
( )31. Mr Brown had lain ____ the ground ____ four hours before they finally found him.
A. on; for B. at; in C. on; after D. in; during
( )32. The teacher is coming back___ an hour. A. after B. for C. in D. before(
)
33. She lived in the mountain village____ the years 1940-1950.
A. between B. during C. in D. since ( )34. Miss Wang will come to Beijing____ two days. A. after B. in C. on D. before
( )35. The American Civil War lasted four years before the North won ____ the end.
A. by B. at C. in D. on
( )36. Mary had finished her homework____ the time I got home.
A. until B. by C. at D. when
( ) 37. We stayed at the lab___ our teacher returned. ( )38. I don't like to sit ___ Tom's right. I would like to sit ___ the back row.
A. on; in B. in; on C. on; at D. at; on ( )39. There is a brook____ red flowers and green grass___ both sides.
A. of with B. with; on C. of; at D. with; in
( )40. There are many trees ___ of the road! And ____ of the trees is growing larger and larger.
A. on both side; a number B. on each sides; a number
C. on both sides; the number D. on every side; the number
( )41. The plane is flying _____.
A. in the sky B. in. the air C. in space D. i
n sky
( )42. There is a sweet smell___.
A. in the air B. in the open air C. in the sky D. in the space
( )43. We held an interesting party___.
A. in the air B. in the sky C. in the open air D. in space
( )44. Tom sits ____ the classroom while John sits ____ the room.
A. in front of; at back of B. in the front of; at the back of
C. in front of; at the back of D. in the front of; at back of
( )45. Lucy sits____ the third row, ____Jim's left. A. on; on B. in; at C. at; in D. in; on
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容